N'ihe gbasara teknụzụ ikpo ọkụ na oyi, ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ apụtala dị ka ihe ngwọta dị irè nke ukwuu ma dịkwa mma maka gburugburu ebe obibi. A na-ejikarị ha eme ihe n'ebe obibi, azụmahịa, na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe iji nye ọrụ ikpo ọkụ na oyi. Iji ghọta uru na ọrụ nke ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ, ọ dị mkpa inyocha ụkpụrụ ọrụ ha na echiche nke Coefficient of Performance (COP).
Ụkpụrụ Ọrụ nke Pampụ Okpomọkụ
Echiche bụ isi
Igwe mgbapụta okpomọkụ bụ ngwaọrụ nke na-ebufe okpomọkụ site n'otu ebe gaa na nke ọzọ. N'adịghị ka sistemụ okpomọkụ ọdịnala nke na-emepụta okpomọkụ site na ọkụ ma ọ bụ iguzogide eletriki, igwe mgbapụta okpomọkụ na-ebuga okpomọkụ dị ugbu a site na mpaghara oyi gaa na nke na-ekpo ọkụ. Usoro a yiri otu friji si arụ ọrụ, mana n'ụzọ megidere ya. Igwe mgbapụta na-ewepụta okpomọkụ site n'ime ya wee wepụta ya na gburugburu ebe obibi gbara ya gburugburu, ebe igwe mgbapụta okpomọkụ na-ewepụta okpomọkụ site na gburugburu ebe obibi dị n'èzí ma na-ewepụta ya n'ime ụlọ.
Usoro Refrigeration
Ọrụ nke ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ dabere na usoro oyi, nke gụnyere ihe anọ bụ isi: ihe na-ekupụ ikuku, ihe na-eme ka ọ dị ọkụ, ihe na-eme ka ọ dị ọkụ, na valvụ mgbasa. Lee nkọwa nzọụkwụ site na nzọụkwụ nke otu ihe ndị a si arụ ọrụ ọnụ:
- Igwe uzuoku: Usoro a na-amalite site na ihe na-ekupụ mmiri, nke dị na gburugburu oyi (dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'èzí ụlọ). Ihe na-ekupụ mmiri, ihe nwere obere isi mmiri ọkụ, na-amịkọrọ okpomọkụ site na ikuku ma ọ bụ ala gbara ya gburugburu. Ka ọ na-amịkọrọ okpomọkụ, ihe na-ekupụ mmiri na-agbanwe site na mmiri mmiri gaa na gas. Mgbanwe nke usoro a dị oke mkpa n'ihi na ọ na-enye ihe na-ekupụ mmiri ohere ibu nnukwu okpomọkụ.
- Kọmpresọ: Igwe refrigerant gas na-aga n'ime igwe compressor. Igwe compressor na-eme ka nrụgide na okpomọkụ nke igwe refrigerant dịkwuo elu site n'ịkpakọ ya. Nzọụkwụ a dị mkpa n'ihi na ọ na-ebuli okpomọkụ nke igwe refrigerant ruo n'ọkwa dị elu karịa okpomọkụ dị n'ime ụlọ achọrọ. Igwe refrigerant nwere nrụgide dị elu, nke nwere okpomọkụ dị elu adịla njikere ugbu a ịhapụ okpomọkụ ya.
- Kọndesịta: Nzọụkwụ ọzọ gụnyere condenser, nke dị na gburugburu ebe okpomọkụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ime ụlọ). N'ebe a, refrigerant na-ekpo ọkụ, nke nwere nrụgide dị elu na-ewepụta okpomọkụ ya gaa na ikuku ma ọ bụ mmiri gbara ya gburugburu. Ka refrigerant na-ewepụta okpomọkụ, ọ na-ajụ oyi ma na-agbanwe site na gas gaa na mmiri mmiri. Mgbanwe nke oge a na-ewepụta nnukwu okpomọkụ, nke a na-eji ekpo ọkụ n'ime ụlọ.
- Valvụ Mgbasawanye: N'ikpeazụ, ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime mmiri na-agafe na valvụ mgbasa, nke na-ebelata nrụgide na okpomọkụ ya. Nzọụkwụ a na-akwadebe ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime mmiri ahụ na-amịkọrọ okpomọkụ ọzọ n'ime ihe na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime mmiri ahụ na-amịkọrọ, usoro ahụ na-emekwa ọzọ.
Ọnụọgụ nke Arụmọrụ (COP)
Nkọwa
Ọnụọgụ arụmọrụ (COP) bụ ihe a na-eji atụ arụmọrụ nke ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ. A na-akọwa ya dị ka oke nke oke okpomọkụ e nyere (ma ọ bụ wepụ) na oke ike eletrik e riri. N'okwu dị mfe, ọ na-agwa anyị oke okpomọkụ nke ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ nwere ike imepụta maka nkeji ọkụ eletrik ọ bụla ọ na-eji.
N'ime mgbakọ na mwepụ, a na-akọwa COP dị ka:
COP=Ike Eletriki Eriri (W)Enyefere Okpomọkụ (Q)
Ọ bụrụ na ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ nwere COP (Coefficient of Performance) nke 5.0, ọ nwere ike ibelata ụgwọ ọkụ eletrik nke ukwuu ma e jiri ya tụnyere nke a na-akpọ kpo oku ọkụ eletrik. Lee nyocha na ngụkọ zuru ezu:
Ntụnyere arụmọrụ ike
Okpomọkụ eletriki ọdịnala nwere COP nke 1.0, nke pụtara na ọ na-emepụta otu unit nke okpomọkụ maka 1 kWh nke ọkụ eletrik e tinyere. N'ụzọ dị iche, ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ nwere COP nke 5.0 na-emepụta nkeji okpomọkụ ise maka 1 kWh nke ọkụ eletrik e tinyere, nke na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo irè karịa ikpo ọkụ eletrik ọdịnala.
Ngụkọta Nchekwa Ọnụego Ọkụ Eletriki
Na-eche na ọ dị mkpa ka e mepụta otu narị nke okpomọkụ:
- Okpomọkụ Eletriki Omenala: Ọ chọrọ ọkụ eletrik 100 kWh.
- Ọkụ Pampụ Okpomọkụ nwere COP nke 5.0: Naanị ọkụ eletrik 20 kWh (otu narị nke okpomọkụ ÷ 5.0) chọrọ.
Ọ bụrụ na ọnụahịa ọkụ eletrik bụ 0.5€ kwa kWh:
- Okpomọkụ Eletriki Omenala: Ọnụ ego ọkụ eletrik bụ €50 (100 kWh × 0.5€/kWh).
- Ọkụ Pampụ Okpomọkụ nwere COP nke 5.0: Ọnụ ego ọkụ eletrik bụ €10 (20 kWh × 0.5€/kWh).
Oke nchekwa ego
Pampụ ọkụ nwere ike ịchekwa 80% na ụgwọ ọkụ eletrik ma e jiri ya tụnyere nke ọkụ eletrik ọdịnala ((50 - 10) ÷ 50 = 80%).
Ihe Nlereanya Bara Uru
N'ọrụ ndị dị irè, dịka mmiri ọkụ n'ime ụlọ, chee na a ga-ekpo ọkụ lita mmiri 200 site na 15°C ruo 55°C kwa ụbọchị:
- Okpomọkụ Eletriki Omenala: Ọ na-eri ihe dị ka 38.77 kWh nke ọkụ eletrik (ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ nke 90%).
- Ọkụ Pampụ Okpomọkụ nwere COP nke 5.0: Na-eri ihe dị ka 7.75 kWh nke ọkụ eletrik (38.77 kWh ÷ 5.0).
Na ọnụahịa ọkụ eletrik nke 0.5€ kwa kWh:
- Okpomọkụ Eletriki Omenala: Ọnụ ego ọkụ eletrik kwa ụbọchị dị ihe dị ka €19.39 (38.77 kWh × 0.5€/kWh).
- Ọkụ Pampụ Okpomọkụ nwere COP nke 5.0: Ọnụ ego ọkụ eletrik kwa ụbọchị dị ihe dị ka €3.88 (7.75 kWh × 0.5€/kWh).
Atụmatụ Nchekwa Maka Ezinụlọ Nkezi: Pampụ Okpomọkụ vs. Ịkpo Ọkụ Gas Eke
Dabere na atụmatụ ụlọ ọrụ na usoro ọnụahịa ike nke Europe:
| ihe | Ọkụ Gas Eke | Okpomọkụ mgbapụta okpomọkụ | Atụmatụ ọdịiche kwa afọ |
| Ọnụ ego ike kwa afọ nkezi | €1,200–€1,500 | €600–€900 | Nchekwa ihe dị ka €300–€900 |
| Mwepụ CO₂ (tọn/afọ) | 3–5 tọn | 1–2 tọn | Mbelata nke ihe dị ka tọn 2–3 |
Rịba ama:Nchekwa ego n'ezie na-adị iche dabere na ọnụ ahịa ọkụ eletrik na gas mba, ịdị mma nke mkpuchi ụlọ, na arụmọrụ nke ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ. Mba dịka Germany, France, na Italy na-egosikarị nchekwa ego ka ukwuu, ọkachasị mgbe enyere ego enyemaka gọọmentị.
Hien R290 EocForce Serie 6-16kW Okpomọkụ: Monobloc Ikuku ruo Mmiri Okpomọkụ
Isi Atụmatụ:
Ọrụ Niile n'otu: ikpo ọkụ, oyi, na ọrụ mmiri ọkụ n'ime ụlọ
Nhọrọ Voltaji Na-agbanwe Agbanwe:220–240 V ma ọ bụ 380–420 V
Nhazi dị obere: nkeji dị obere nke 6–16 kW
Refrigerant nke Eco-Enyi na Eco: Refrigerant Green R290
Ọrụ Whisper-Quiet:40.5 dB(A) na 1 m
Arụmọrụ Ike: SCOP Ruo 5.19
Arụmọrụ Okpomọkụ Dị Oke: Ọrụ kwụsiri ike na -20 °C
Ike Kachasị Elu: A+++
Njikwa Smart na PV dị njikere
Ọrụ mgbochi legionella: Oke Mmiri Mkpọpụta Oke.75ºC
Oge ozi: Sep-10-2025